Introduction
Kidney cancer, also known as renal cancer, is a serious condition that occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the kidneys. Although it is less common than some other forms of cancer, kidney cancer can be life-threatening without early detection and proper treatment. This article will provide key insights into kidney cancer, covering its symptoms, diagnosis, stages, and available treatment options. Special emphasis will be placed on kidney cancer care in Korea, renowned for its advanced medical practices, cutting-edge technology, and high survival rates.
Understanding Kidney Cancer
What is Kidney Cancer?
Kidney cancer develops when abnormal cells form tumors within the kidneys. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, making up approximately 85% of cases. RCC typically originates in the renal tubules, which are responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood to produce urine. Over time, cancerous growths can disrupt normal kidney function and potentially spread to other parts of the body.
Other, rarer types of kidney cancer include transitional cell carcinoma and Wilms’ tumor (the latter is mainly seen in children). While these types are less common, RCC remains the most prevalent and concerning due to its tendency to recur and metastasize.
Kidney Cancer Stages
The staging of kidney cancer is crucial for determining the severity of the disease and selecting the most appropriate treatment. The TNM system categorizes kidney cancer into four stages:
Stage I: The tumor is confined to the kidney and has not spread to nearby tissues.
Stage II: The tumor is larger but still contained within the kidney.
Stage III: The cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes or blood vessels, increasing the risk of metastasis.
Stage IV: The cancer has spread to distant organs, such as the lungs, liver, or bones.