Overview

An arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula) can also refer to a pathological connection between an artery and a vein, which is not created surgically but rather occurs spontaneously. This type of AV fistula can occur in various parts of the body, including the brain, skin, and mucous membranes, and can have serious medical consequences.

AV fistulas can lead to high blood flow and pressure in the veins, which can cause swelling and pain, as well as increase the risk of blood clots and infection. In some cases, AV fistulas can also cause serious complications, such as organ damage, aneurysms, and stroke.

The diagnosis of an AV fistula as a medical condition typically involves imaging tests, such as an ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, as well as other diagnostic tests, such as a blood test or angiogram.

Treatment for AV fistulas as a medical condition varies depending on the specific case, and can range from simple observation and monitoring, to surgery, to endovascular procedures, such as embolization.