Adult Immunization
Vaccination is suggested throughout one's life to protect against vaccine-preventable illnesses and associated complications. Historically, the major focus of vaccination programs has been on children vaccinations. Adults' major focus of preventive and medical health care has been chronic illnesses, while there has been an increased emphasis on avoiding infectious infections.
Adult vaccination coverage, on the other hand, remains low for the majority of commonly prescribed vaccinations. Though adults are less vulnerable to classical infectious agents, the likelihood of exposure to infectious agents has grown dramatically as a result of globalization and greater travel options both within and beyond nations. As a result, there is a pressing need to address the issue of adult vaccination.
The adult immunization business is more complicated, with a large range of vaccinations and a diversified target population. As with children, there is no integrated public health infrastructure to support an adult vaccination program. Furthermore, there is minimal coordination among adult healthcare practitioners when it comes to vaccination distribution.
Adult immunization has to be significantly improved in order to lessen the health implications of vaccine-preventable infections in adults. The routine assessment of adult patient vaccination needs, as well as the recommendation and provision of essential vaccinations for adults, should be included into normal clinical care for adults.
|
Vaccine |
19-26 years |
27-49 years |
50-64 years |
>65 years |
|
Influenza inactivated (IIV) or Influenza recombinant (RIV4) |
1 dose annually | |||
|
Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap or Td) |
1 dose Tdap each pregnancy; 1 dose Td/Tdap for wound management | |||
|
1 dose Tdap, then Td or Tdap booster every 10 years | ||||
|
Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) |
1 or 2 doses depending on indication (if born in 1957 or later) | |||
|
Varicella (VAR) |
2 doses (if born in 1980 or later) |
2 doses | ||
|
Zoster recombinant (RZV) |
2 doses | |||
|
Human papillomavirus (HPV) |
2 or 3 doses depending on age at initial vaccination or condition | |||
|
Pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) |
1 dose |
1 dose | ||
|
Pneumococcal polysaccharide )PPSV23) |
1 or 2 doses depending on indication |
1 dose | ||
|
Hepatitis A )HepA) |
2 or 3 doses depending on vaccine | |||
|
Hepatitis B (HepB) |
2 or 3 doses depending on vaccine | |||
|
Meningococcal A, C, W, Y )MenACWY) |
1 or 2 doses depending on indication | |||
|
Meningococcal B )MenB) |
2 or 3 doses depending on vaccine and indication | |||
|
Haemophilus influenzae type b(Hib) |
1 or 3 doses depending on indication | |||