Endoscopic Neck Surgery
The neck area is made up of a variety of well-defined anatomic structures that are organized in layers with minimum or no vascular overlap. The endoscopic surgeon has used these well-defined layers to establish vascular anatomical planes in order to create a working environment for surgical manipulation. Endoscopic neck surgery, first reported in 1996, has expanded in its application, owing to its aesthetic benefits. Although few studies have reported on its use in other neck structures, such as the submandibular gland and cervical spine, the parathyroid and thyroid glands have been the primary target organs. In addition, total (pure) endoscopic (CO2 insufflation) techniques. Endoscopic and minimally invasive small incision methods with video assistance. Supraclavicular, anterior chest wall, axillary, and periareolar breast approaches are all variations of the total endoscopic approach. In the video-assisted endoscopic method, the last three have also been tried.