Introduction
An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that forms on or inside an ovary. While many women will experience ovarian cysts at some point in their lives, the majority of these cysts are benign (non-cancerous) and go unnoticed. Some cysts form as a normal part of the menstrual cycle, while others may develop due to underlying health conditions.
There are different types of ovarian cysts, each with varying causes and treatments. The most common type is the functional cyst, which develops when the normal process of ovulation goes awry. However, other types, such as endometriomas (caused by endometriosis) or dermoid cysts (which may contain hair, teeth, or other tissues), can also occur. In most cases, ovarian cysts are harmless and resolve on their own. However, some cysts can cause pain or other complications that require medical attention.
Ovarian cysts are relatively common, affecting a large percentage of women of reproductive age. The condition often resolves without treatment, but in some cases, medical intervention is necessary. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment options for ovarian cysts is crucial for women’s health and well-being.
Understanding Ovarian Cyst Symptoms
Ovarian cysts often develop without causing noticeable symptoms, making them difficult to detect. Many women may not realize they have a cyst until it is discovered during a routine pelvic exam or ultrasound. However, some cysts do produce symptoms, especially if they grow larger or rupture.
Common symptoms of ovarian cysts include:
Pelvic pain: A dull ache or sharp pain in the lower abdomen is one of the most frequent complaints. This pain may come and go or persist throughout the menstrual cycle.
Bloating: Some women experience bloating or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen.
Irregular periods: Ovarian cysts may cause changes in a woman’s menstrual cycle, including missed periods or heavy bleeding.
Pain during intercourse: Pain or discomfort during sex may occur if the cyst is pressing on surrounding tissues.
In addition, if a cyst ruptures or causes ovarian torsion (twisting of the ovary), the pain can become sudden and severe. These conditions are considered medical emergencies and require immediate attention.