Shoulder Joint

Overview

The shoulder is physically and functionally complex since it is one of the most freely mobile parts of the human body due to the glenohumeral joint articulation. The shoulder girdle, which joins the upper limb to the axial skeleton via the sternoclavicular joint, is located within it. The shoulder's tremendous range of motion comes at the tradeoff of decreased joint stability, making it prone to dislocation and injury.

The human shoulder is the body's most movable joint. This mobility gives the upper extremity a great range of motion in the sagittal plane, including adduction, abduction, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, and 360° circumduction. The shoulder also allows for scapular protraction, retraction, elevation, and depression. The shoulder joint is additionally unstable due to its vast range of motion.