Cranioplasty
Cranioplasty, or the implantation of a material (bone or nonbiological substances such as metal or plastic plates) into a skull vault defect, is a well-known operation in modern neurosurgery. The most common reasons for cranioplasty are to protect the brain and to improve one's appearance. Furthermore, cranioplasty has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of epilepsy. Repairing cranial abnormalities alleviates psychological problems and improves social performance. It is vital not just for cosmoses and the protection of the underlying brain, but also for restoring the dynamics of a closed cavity, which are disrupted when atmospheric pressure is able to exert an influence in the absence of overlying bone. Sinking brain and scalp syndrome is a rare complication of traumatic brain edema that is associated with neurological impairment after decompressive craniotomy. It is generally established that following cranioplasty, neurological and imaging defects heal.
Cranioplasty can prevent the recurrence of brain damage, achieve a plastic effect, protect the patient from cerebral convulsions, and relieve the trephine syndrome (headaches, lightheadedness, intolerance of vibration and noise, irritability, lethargy, loss of motivation and concentration, depression, and anxiety), increase brain blood flow, enhance brain energy metabolism, promote the resumption of brain tissue, and treat encephalocele skull deformities with neurological cognition and mental problems.